<hdr>The World Factbook 1994: Laos<nl>Economy</hdr><body>
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<item><hi format=bold>Overview:</hi> Laos has had a Communist centrally planned economy with government ownership and control of major productive enterprises. Since 1986, however, the government has been decentralizing control and encouraging private enterprise. Laos is a landlocked country with a primitive infrastructure; it has no railroads, a rudimentary road system, limited external and internal telecommunications, and electricity available in only a limited area. Subsistence agriculture is the main occupation, accounting for over 60% of GDP and providing about 85-90% of total employment. The predominant crop is rice. For the foreseeable future the economy will continue to depend for its survival on foreign aid from the IMF and other international sources; aid from the former USSR and Eastern Europe has been cut sharply.
<item><hi format=bold>National product:</hi> GDP—purchasing power equivalent—$4.1 billion (1993 est.)
<item><hi format=bold>National product real growth rate:</hi> 7% (1992 est.)
<item><hi format=bold>National product per capita:</hi> $900 (1993 est.)
<item><hi format=bold>Industrial production:</hi> growth rate 12% (1991 est.); accounts for about 18% of GDP (1991 est.)
<item><hi format=bold>Electricity:</hi>
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<item>• <hi format=ital>capacity:</hi> 226,000 kW
<item>• <hi format=ital>production:</hi> 990 million kWh
<item>• <hi format=ital>consumption per capita:</hi> 220 kWh (1992)
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<item><hi format=bold>Industries:</hi> tin and gypsum mining, timber, electric power, agricultural processing, construction
<item><hi format=bold>Agriculture:</hi> accounts for 60% of GDP and employs most of the work force; subsistence farming predominates; normally self-sufficient in nondrought years; principal crops—rice (80% of cultivated land), sweet potatoes, vegetables, corn, coffee, sugarcane, cotton; livestock —buffaloes, hogs, cattle, poultry
<item><hi format=bold>Illicit drugs:</hi> illicit producer of cannabis, opium poppy for the international drug trade, third-largest opium producer (180 metric tons in 1993)
<item><hi format=bold>Economic aid:</hi>
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<item>• <hi format=ital>recipient:</hi> US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-79), $276 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $605 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $995 million
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<item><hi format=bold>Currency:</hi> 1 new kip (NK)=100 at